Journal of Materials Science Research and Reviews
https://journaljmsrr.com/index.php/JMSRR
<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Journal of Materials Science Research and Reviews</strong> aims to publish high-quality papers in all areas including metals, ceramics, glasses, polymers, electrical materials, composite materials, fibers, all engineering materials, nanostructured materials, nanocomposites, and biological and biomedical materials. By not excluding papers based on novelty, this journal facilitates the research and wishes to publish papers as long as they are technically correct and scientifically motivated. The journal also encourages the submission of useful reports of negative results. This is a quality controlled, OPEN peer-reviewed, open-access INTERNATIONAL journal.</p>Journal of Materials Science Research and Reviewsen-USJournal of Materials Science Research and ReviewsProduction of Engobe for Ceramic Decoration
https://journaljmsrr.com/index.php/JMSRR/article/view/307
<p>Ceramic decoration has a rich history dating back millennia, evolving from rudimentary patterns to intricate designs, thereby enhancing the aesthetic appeal of ceramic artifacts. Engobe, a versatile ceramic coating material, plays a pivotal role in this evolution. This research aims to provide a detailed investigation into the production of engobe for ceramic decoration, encompassing a thorough examination of raw materials, formulation methodologies, and application techniques, with the ultimate goal of advancing the craft of ceramic decoration. The research commences with an extensive exploration of raw materials commonly used in engobe production namely Kaolin, Feldspar, Recycled glass, Zircon and stain/oxides pigments are analyzed for their chemical compositions, mineralogical properties, and suitability for engobe formulation. The formulation of engobe is a complex process that demands meticulous consideration of factors such as rheology, color stability, adhesion, and firing temperature compatibility. Furthermore, the research evaluates various application techniques for engobe deposition, including brushing and dipping. The impact of application methods on engobe thickness, uniformity, and texture is scrutinized, facilitating the selection of the most suitable technique for specific ceramic projects. The engobe-coated ceramics are subjected to firing processes at 1100<sup>º</sup>C temperatures, ensuring that the engobe remains stable and compatible with the underlying clay body. The resultant surface textures, colors, and adhesion strengths analyzed to determine the overall effectiveness of the engobe.</p>Kenneth-Emehige Amara Comfort Ajala Adewale Oluwabunmi Clement Hossanah
Copyright (c) 2024 Comfort et al.; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
2024-01-162024-01-16712429Overview of the Skeleton Significance of Toothpaste Formulation, Evaluation and Historical Perspectives: Insights from Bangladesh’s Toothpaste Industry
https://journaljmsrr.com/index.php/JMSRR/article/view/312
<p>Toothpaste plays an important role in maintaining and improving oral health and aesthetics. Over time, toothpaste recipes have evolved from simple suspensions of broken eggshells or ashes to complex formulations containing up to twenty different chemicals. Toothpaste is designed to combat various dental issues such as cavities, gum disease, bad breath, calculus, erosion and dentin hypersensitivity. It contains abrasives to clean and whiten teeth, flavours to freshen breath and dyes to improve its cosmetic appeal. The right toothpaste is formulated to maximize the bioavailability of its active ingredients. For instance, the permissible theoretical fluoride concentration range is between 850.0-1150.0 ppm. The most scientifically supported anti-plaque agent in toothpaste is Triclosan. Toothpaste must have a pH level between 05.50 and 10.50. Condensed phosphates are mainly used as chemical whitening agents in toothpaste. However, developing toothpaste is a complex process because numerous separate activities must come together in a single phase. Toothpaste development is still ongoing as there are several challenges including the low oral substantivity of most active ingredients which must be overcome. This present study states that a systematic review is a vital research piece that provides insights into the future of Bangladesh. This review conducts a thorough analysis of the country's potentials and opportunities, presenting a comprehensive understanding of its development. Using the toothpaste skeleton as a metaphor for the foundation of Bangladesh's growth, this overview examines its significance in detail.</p>Amit Kumar Sarkar Shanawaz Ahmed Sumaiya Islam SadiaMd. Mahmudul KobirSumaya TabassumMd. Rockibul Islam Md. Ashraful Alam
Copyright (c) 2024 Sarkar et al.; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
2024-02-192024-02-197180101An Overview of the Application of Magnetic Nanoparticles in the Petroleum Sector
https://journaljmsrr.com/index.php/JMSRR/article/view/314
<p>The use of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) has gained popularity due to their small size, physico-chemical properties, and cost-effectiveness. When subjected to a magnetic field, MNPs can be used to selectively attach, manipulate, or transfer specific substances to a desired location. This property makes them useful for a variety of applications. The superparamagnetic nature of magnetic nanoparticles arises from their small size. They can be used either uncoated or coated with a functional group and surface coating specifically designed for a given use. In the oil and gas industry, MNPs are utilized in various upstream processes, including enhanced oil recovery, drilling fluids, corrosion control, hydraulic fracturing, and sand control. MNPs have distinct features that make them highly valuable for various applications. These features include their small size, which results in a large contact area due to their large surface-to-area ratio. Additionally, they possess nanoscale properties such as optical, chemical, magnetic, and interfacial properties, which are dependent on their size and can be effectively manipulated to achieve specific outcomes. In the petroleum industry, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have significant potential for directed transport, local heating, remote sensing, and targeted adsorption. The dispersity and stability of MNPs in suspension are critical for these applications. The objective of this review is to discuss the latest applications of MNPs in the petroleum industry, as well as understanding the traditional methods employed in the sector.</p>Rawia MansourAli Mohamed Elshafei
Copyright (c) 2024 Author(s). The licensee is the journal publisher. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
2024-03-022024-03-0271109118Development of Brewed Tea Waste Reinforced Jute Polyester Composites: Physical, Mechanical, Structural and Morphological Characterizations
https://journaljmsrr.com/index.php/JMSRR/article/view/305
<p>Natural fibers have sparked the interest of researchers for the applications in polymer composites due to their "greener" character and influence on environmental sustainability. In this research, the hand lay-up method was used to produce the brewed tea waste reinforced jute polyester composites at a temperature of 95˚C for six distinct percentages of weight (0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15%).The effect of brewed tea waste filler on mechanical, physical, structural, thermal and morphological characteristics were evaluated. Results indicate that mechanical strength improved maximum at 6wt% of filler, and thereafter declined because of the poor bonding between filler and polyester matrix. The composites with the highest values of elongation and hardness were those containing 0wt% and 15wt% filler, respectively. With increasing hardness effective resistance to deformation is also increased due to the strong adhesion between the filler and matrix. The bulk density showed an improvement as the filler content was increased. Moreover, tests for water absorption and soil degradation were used to examine the tendency of composites for moisture and biodegradation. FTIR spectroscopy was used to determine the existence of chemical compounds and functional groups in order to provide a comprehensive characterization of the material. Thermal analysis reveal that 15wt% composites exhibit maximum thermal stability and degradation temperature. SEM analysis was used to perform surface morphological characterization of composites, which displayed strong interfacial adhesion, fiber pullout, voids, and other fracture mechanisms. In the end, the finding indicates the interfacial interaction as well as the whole impact of brewed tea waste filler on various properties of jute composites.</p>Hrithita Aftab G. M. Shafiur RahmanMd. KamruzzamanMubarak A. KhanMd. Farhad AliMuhammad Abdullah Al Mamun
Copyright (c) 2024 Aftab et al.; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
2024-01-022024-01-0271116Bacteriological Analysis of River Water in Oriade/Obokun Local Government, Osun-State, Nigeria
https://journaljmsrr.com/index.php/JMSRR/article/view/306
<p>This research investigates the bacteriological composition of the Oriade/Obokun stream water, specifically focusing on Iwoye Ijesa and Ijebu Jesa. The study encompasses an analysis of water sources, usage patterns, pollution sources, and the identification of waterborne bacterial pathogens. Water samples were collected and subjected to laboratory examination for the identification of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria using a microscope. The results revealed the presence of various pathogenic bacteria, including <em>E. coli, Salmonella</em>, <em>V. cholerae,</em> <em>Shigella spp</em>, and Campylobacter. Notably, E. coli emerged as the predominant coliform, typically associated with fecal contamination. The detection of <em>Vibrio cholerae</em> signals inadequate sanitation practices, while the presence of other pathogenic bacteria raises concerns about public health implications such as gastro-intestinal infections, diarrhea, dysentery, and typhoid. The findings suggest a correlation between the identified waterborne pathogens and improper waste disposal, water source contamination through sewage and surface run-off. The study underscores the potential threat and risk of waterborne epidemics posed by bacterial contamination in the Oriade/Obokun stream water. Consequently, water supply authorities are urged to acknowledge this situation and implement measures to ensure the provision of contamination-free drinking water, thereby mitigating the risk of waterborne disease outbreaks in the Iwoye Ijesa and Ijebu Jesa communities.</p>Francis Olusegun OladejiAkinwumi Isaac TopeOmotoso Ayodele JacobNsikak AkpanAmoo Adebayo B.
Copyright (c) 2024 Oladeji et al.; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
2024-01-032024-01-03711723An Experimental Study to Evaluate the Properties of a Clayey Silt Treated with Lime for the Manufacture of Mud Bricks
https://journaljmsrr.com/index.php/JMSRR/article/view/308
<p>This work involved evaluating the properties of <em>Cubitermes</em> sp termite mound soil treated with 3 - 9% lime for the manufacture of adobe mud bricks and compressed earth bricks CEBs. X-Ray Diffraction and other geotechnical methods for soil characterisation were used to analyse the selected material samples. The results show that the soil is a class A-2 clayey silt with a low organic content, composed of 19.18% clay, 47.20% silt and a sand content of 23.62%. The addition of lime reduces the clay and silt content, while the sand content increases and improves the granulometry, which incorporates spindles (adobes and CEBs) with lime contents ranging from 5% to 9%. The clay content of both the raw soil and the mixes is below the 30% maximum, while the sand content of the mixes is above the 30% minimum permitted by most standards. The specific surface area SSA and cation exchange capacity CEC decrease with the addition of lime, and the mechanical properties of the material improve. Raw soil and mixes have good moulding properties and a compressive strength of CS (3.89 - 5.95 MPa) suitable for the manufacture of adobe bricks and CEBs. The microstructure shows that the soil in the <em>Cubitermes sp</em> termite mound is composed of kaolinite, illite, smectite, quartz, calcite and iron oxide (haematite). Kaolinite is important for making solid bricks and illite helps the soil to sinter at a relatively low temperature.</p>Louis Ahouet Sylvain Ndinga Okina Alain Symphorien Ndongo
Copyright (c) 2024 Ahouet et al.; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
2024-01-172024-01-17713040Phytochemical Evaluation and Molecular Docking of Bioactive Compounds in Citrus sinensis Stem Bark with Anti-Inflammatory Activity
https://journaljmsrr.com/index.php/JMSRR/article/view/309
<p>Sweet orange has been claimed to possess anti-carcinogenic properties, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and as a relief agent to many health conditions which can be attributed to its chemical composition. This study has been carried out to validate the claim of the anti-inflammatory activity of the plant stem bark<em>. </em>The Chloroform extract of <em>Citrus sinensis </em>stem bark was screened for its phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), and in silico molecular docking. Twenty-four (26) phytochemical compounds were identified in the extract. The major phytochemical with highest percentage area was 9-Octadecenoic acid. The molecular docking analysis showed that the compounds had good binding affinity against the target protein cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) active site. The best binding affinity was observed in 9-Octadecenoic acid (-8.3 kcal/mol), and Cyclododecanol, 1-aminomethyl- (-7.2 kcal/mol). The binding affinities were better than the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs), Ibuprofen (-6.8 kcal/mol). These findings provide more evidence to support the traditional use of sweet orange stem bark for anti-inflammatory treatment. Structural models of the interactions of the compounds with high binding affinities at the (COX-2) active site are plausibly useful for the future design of anti-inflammatory agent.</p>Ikpa, Chinyere. B. C
Copyright (c) 2024 Ikpa; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
2024-02-052024-02-05714155Exploring Formulation Variables: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Impact on 32 kg/m3 Flexible Polyurethane Foam
https://journaljmsrr.com/index.php/JMSRR/article/view/310
<p>This study investigates the effect of various formulation variables on flexible polyurethane foam (FPU) of a density of 32 kg/m<sup>3</sup>. A detailed observatory analysis is performed to figure out the impacts of toluene di-isocyanate (TDI), water, surfactant, stannous octoate, and amine on unfilled 32-density FPU foam. The concentration of each component was manipulated to study its influence on the conduct and quality of the PU foam. For comparative purposes, an ideal foam with the correct amount of chemicals was developed. Comparative findings indicated that amine influences the porous nature of the resultant material, silicone plays a crucial role in delivering strength and stability to the cells and cell struts, stannous octoate provides the foam the strength required to sustain its structural integrity, and TDI has a significant impact on the hardness of the foam. Water additionally functions as blowing agent which is essential to initiate the foam to rise from liquid components to a compressible solid. Each ingredient has a considerable impact on the chemistry, foaming procedure, and physical characteristics of the finished material. This paper delivers an insightful comprehensive description to the novices in PU field, researchers and industrial professionals about the correlations between the FPU's structure, physical characteristics, formulation compositions, and chemical mechanisms.</p>Jaya Maitra Harshi Jaiswal Mahesh N. Gopalasamudram Mukesh Sharma
Copyright (c) 2024 Maitra et al.; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
2024-02-102024-02-10715673Revolutionizing Ceramic Artistry: Harnessing the Potential of Cow Bone Ash as a Sustainable Opacifier in Enamel Production
https://journaljmsrr.com/index.php/JMSRR/article/view/311
<p>The demand for opacifiers in ceramic industries necessitates exploration into sustainable alternatives due to the expense and scarcity of traditional materials. Opacifiers are crucial in ceramic production, imparting opacity to glazes, and are often imported, increasing production costs. As a result of these limitations, this study explored the feasibility of utilizing cow bone ash as a cost-effective and sustainable alternative opacifier to tin and zirconium oxides in enamel production for ceramic applications. Through a process of recycling cow bone, bone ash was synthesized and subjected to chemical analysis. Enamel formulations were prepared using bone ash and compared with those containing tin oxide. The physical and chemical properties of the enamels were evaluated, including opacity, durability, and resistance to chemical attack. Results indicate that cow bone ash exhibited comparable properties to traditional opacifiers, offering clarity, stability, and resistance to chemical deterioration. Moreover, cow bone ash presented a sustainable solution, utilizing waste material and reducing reliance on costly imports. This research signifies a substantial advancement in ceramic enamel production, promoting sustainability and innovation within the industry. By harnessing cow bone ash as an opacifier, ceramists and chemists can achieve cost efficiency while mitigating environmental impact, paving the way for a more eco-friendly future in ceramics.</p>Lawrence Olusegun Ajala Isiaka Olajide Odewale Norbert Okechinyere Osonwa
Copyright (c) 2024 Ajala et al.; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
2024-02-172024-02-17717479Achieving Sustainable Local Building Wall Materials in Ondo State, Nigeria: Using Laterite Stabilized with Cement and Bones Ash-Powder
https://journaljmsrr.com/index.php/JMSRR/article/view/313
<p>Shelter is an integral part of human needs. It has been adjudged second to food in the ranking of human needs. However, the provision of shelter for the Nigerian populace remains low despite various policies and efforts from both governmental and private agencies to provide desirable housing for citizens. This study seeks to introduce the use of laterite soil, which is a common natural material in most Nigerian environments, with ordinary portland cement and cow bone ash powder to achieve affordable, eco-friendly, and tropical compliance materials for building wall construction in Nigeria. The study investigates the existing mud bricks and sandcrete (hollow) blocks for wall construction. It conducts a thorough test of the laterite soil composition with respect to its compressive strength and cohesive compatibility with cement and bone ash powder to form solid and desirable stabilized bricks for building walls. The resultant bricks show that ordinary portland cement and cow bone ash powder exhibit significant stabilization potency on laterite to attain high compressive building wall material. The cow bone ash powder reduces the percentage of cement used for stabilization of the laterite bricks and enhances its sustainability and affordability for housing delivery in Nigeria.</p>Oloruntoba Kayode
Copyright (c) 2024 Oloruntoba; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
2024-02-192024-02-1971102108The Mechanism of Shrinkage and Reduction Measures of Concrete
https://journaljmsrr.com/index.php/JMSRR/article/view/315
<p>The shrinkage of concrete is an important index for its durability. This paper mainly introduces the common shrinkage types of concrete and their mechanisms as well as the methods commonly used in engineering and experimentation to reduce concrete shrinkage.</p>Jiaxin Shi
Copyright (c) 2024 Author(s). The licensee is the journal publisher. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
2024-03-042024-03-0471119122Advancements in Boriding Techniques for Enhancing Titanium Alloy Performance
https://journaljmsrr.com/index.php/JMSRR/article/view/316
<p>As an important structural material in the 21st century, titanium and its alloy have the advantages of corrosion resistance, high melting point, small density, high specific strength, no magnetism and biocompatibility, but low surface hardness, poor wear resistance, large friction coefficient, poor high temperature oxidation resistance and other defects seriously limit its application scope. Boride-titanium intermetal compounds can effectively improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of titanium and its alloys. This paper summarizes the research status of titanium alloy embedding permeability, surface molten salt electrolysis boron permeability and plasma boron permeability, and discusses the process parameters and mechanism in the process of boron permeability.</p>Peng Fei Tu
Copyright (c) 2024 Author(s). The licensee is the journal publisher. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
2024-03-162024-03-1671123130