Natural Materials and Methods Used in Water Purification: A Review
Published: 2023-06-09
Page: 258-283
Issue: 2023 - Volume 6 [Issue 3]
Gina O. Ihekweme *
Department of Engineering Infrastructure, National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure, Abuja, F.C.T., Nigeria and Department of Material Science and Engineering, African University of Science and Technology (AUST), Km 10 Airport Road, Galadimawa Roundabout, Abuja, F.C.T., Nigeria.
Mohammed Saidu
Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
Bello Abdulkadir
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
Victoria N. Anyakora
Department of Reservoir and Production, Research Unit, FCT Water Board, Abuja, Nigeria.
Ifeyinwa I. Obianyo
Department of Material Science and Engineering, African University of Science and Technology (AUST), Km 10 Airport Road, Galadimawa Roundabout, Abuja, F.C.T., Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The review article presents the prevalent water problems; from needs, scarcity, management, pollution and the risk associated with waterborne disease. It also discusses the remediation methods using natural materials such as clay, activated carbon, zeolites, sand, rice husk, chitosan, hydroxyapatite, LECA, to combat the microbial, organic and inorganic pollutants. It includes insights from papers collected from original research work and reviews that covers the areas of study. The review serves as a guide to the authors who are working on the development of modified expanded clay aggregates for multiple contaminants removal.
Keywords: Water contaminants, expanded clay aggregates, water pollution, sanitation, water filtration